Question: If we find a cure to cancer since cancer is due to mutation, would we be able to alter the evolution of animals since evolution needs the factor of genetic mutation

Chloe Kinsella answered on 17 Nov 2014:

You are correct, cancer is caused by mutations, or genetic changes, in cells. Some of these mutations are already in our DNA as we are born with them. Others are caused by our environment (smoking, alcohol, too much sunlight etc.). Finding a cure to cancer (which is a group of diseases) would mean that we have found a cure to stop uncontrolled mutations happening in our cells.

By stopping uncontrolled mutations in animals cells, we would not necessarily alter the evolution of animals. But by understanding mutations better, and studying what mutations are passed on from parent to offspring we could alter animals evolution. Today, scientists can create genetic changes in plants and animals, by choosing which animals mate and reproduce, or by working with DNA in the lab. Specific genes can be inserted into animals, for example, cows, to give them desirable characteristics. Some types of cattle have had their DNA altered so that they can create more nutritious milk or produce less methane and by doing this humans are technically altering the evolution of the cow.

Scientists have to consider ethics (right and wrong decisions and their consequences) before they alter the DNA of animals. It is good for humans to save animals from extinction but we must ensure that there is a balance between nature and science.